Сonstructions of beingness with a dialectal verb in the Yakut language: a model of the beginning of existence

This article explores the functional-semantic category of beingness in the Yakut language, aiming to describe the structure of construction of beingness with a dialectal verb expressing the semantics of the beginning of existence. The relevance of the study lies in the need for a systematic study of the category of existence in the Yakut language, which consists of multi-level means of its expression, in the context of modern theoretical approaches. The article is based on a functional-semantic approach that allows for the holistic organization of universal semantic categories with specific content and means of expression. It represents a continuation of the study of existence verbs and constructions of beingness in the Yakut language. In accordance with the purpose of the article, its objectives are to present dialectal verbs as peripheral means of expressing the category of existence in the Yakut language, and to present syntactic models with verbs of beginning existence with the typical semantics of “beginning (to begin) to exist, appearing (to appear), becoming (to become) to exist; beginning (to begin) to perform any actions, being performed, or occurring”. The research material is the “Dialectological Dictionary of the Yakut Language”, which contains over 8,500 dialectal words and phrases in the Yakut language [5]. In it, by using methods of continuous sampling, modeling, and glossing, the identified phenomena are presented as an example. A brief description of the structure of the functional-semantic category of ontological construction in the Yakut language is presented, along with dialectal verbs as peripheral means of the category of beingness construction in the Yakut language. A model of a syntactic construction with a dialectal verb with the semantics of the beginning of existence, as well as its structural types, is presented. The place of such constructions in the functional-semantic field of beingness in the Yakut language is determined. The Yakut language has a polycentric structure determined by the relationship of ontologicality semantics to the grammatical category (noun and verb) and the syntactic structure of the sentence (predicative and nominative constructions), as peripheral means of its expression. From the perspective of the functional-semantic approach, the means of expressing the category of beingness in the Yakut language can be combined into a functional-semantic field consisting of two parts: the micro-field of beingness, expressed by nominal means denoting existence/non-existence, being/ non-being, presence/absence, and the micro-field of ontologicality, represented by verbal means denoting existence/non-existence, being/non-being, and presence/absence. These parts of the functional-semantic field of beingness in the Yakut language consist of multi-level means, distributed according to the center-periphery principle. This article presents the first description of the structure of an ontological construction with a dialectal verb and the semantics of the beginning of existence in the Yakut language. In the future, it will be possible to study dialectal verbs belonging to other subgroups of the lexical-semantic group of existence verbs, such as verbs of existence in a specific place, verbs of reaching the limit of existence and verbs of ceasing to exist.

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