Linguistic representations of the concept «fire» in the linguoculture of the Evenks
https://doi.org/10.25587/2782-662-2023-4-47-58
Abstract
The subject of the study is the semantics of linguistic units involved in the representation of the concept «fire» in the linguoculture of the Evenks. The aim is to describe the concept. Linguocultural and semantic-cognitive approaches to the research of thinking units are applied in the study. The relevance of the topic of the article is determined by the insufficient study of the fragments of the Evenk linguistic picture of the world. Representations about fire exist in the consciousness of many peoples of the world. According to the scientists, they belong to cultural universals. Fire is one of the four natural elements, primary elements. Therefore, there is a cult of fire in the Evenki tradition, as well as in many other ethnic groups. The formation of the concept in the consciousness of the Evenks was influenced by the landscape, historically connected with the territory of their residence, traditional type of economy (hunting), animistic views of nature. The lexicographic material is used to identify linguistic units verbalizing the concept, their semantic analysis is performed, then folklore, art texts, field audio recordings are studied. After that, the linguocultural analysis of these texts is carried out. The texts were recorded from informants living in Kyust-Kemda village, Kalarsky District, Zabaikalsky Krai; Ust-Nyukzha village, Tynda District, Amur Region; Alla village, Kurumkansky District, Republic of Buryatia; Tyanya village, Olyokminsky District, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The analysis of the field audio recordings made it possible to identify the value component of mental education and showed that the cult of fire and the perception of fire as a deity are preserved in the consciousness of modern Evenks. This is observed among the groups of Evenks leading traditional hunting and nomadic way of life. Studying folklore, art and poetic texts has allowed identifying the figurative side of the concept. The mental formation under consideration is basic in the consciousness of Evenks and related peoples. The key representative of the concept is the lexeme ‘togo’, used in all the colloquialisms of the Evenki language and Tungus-Manchurian languages, which indicates the archaic nature of this fragment of the linguistic picture of the Evenki world. In addition to the mentioned lexeme, other words are also used in the actualization of mental formation: guluvun, dyaӈe, yandra, otu.
Keywords
About the Author
N. Yu. Ushnitskaya
Institute for Humanities Research and Indigenous Studies of the North
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
USHNITSKAYA Natalia Yurievna – Candidate of Sciences Philology, Research Fellow, the Department of Northern Philology
Yakutsk
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Review
For citations:
Ushnitskaya N.Yu. Linguistic representations of the concept «fire» in the linguoculture of the Evenks. Altaistics. 2023;(4):47-58. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25587/2782-662-2023-4-47-58
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