Complex epithet constructions in the Olonkho of the North-eastern Yakut tradition: epithets with comparisons

This article examines complex epithet constructions on the example of olonkho of the northeastern Yakut tradition. At the present stage, it is considered relevant to study the northeastern tradition (part of the northern tradition) as a separate and independent branch of the regional tradition. Studying the olonkho of the north-eastern tradition of the Yakuts using modern methods and techniques makes it possible to recreate a holistic picture of the northern tradition of Yakut storytelling. The aim of the research is to study complex epithets, in particular, epithets with comparisons. Epithets with comparisons make up 26% of the total number of identified epithets in the analyzed olonkho texts. In the epithets with comparisons, in addition to the defining words themselves, comparisons with the help of comparative particles Kurduk (like) and saҕa (like) are included. For the convenience of analysis, epithets with comparisons are differentiated according to the thematic principle of the object. The first group includes objects of epithets with comparisons associated with ideas about nature. The second thematic group of complex epithets with comparisons includes somatisms that semantically identify those related to the body part of olonkho characters, including descriptions of their physical and emotional states. The third group should include objects of epithets characterizing dwellings, courtyard buildings and household items. The fourth group includes complex epithets with comparisons, the objects of which are the heroic horse. The authors come to the conclusion that the poetic system of olonkho texts of this tradition belongs to the early stage of formation, therefore it is poorly developed. Most of the used epithets refer to simple epithets 74%. Compound epithets make up 26%. It should be noted that the storytellers described the nature of only the familiar area, descriptions of the evergreen coniferous and associated poetic paths are characteristic only of the olonkho texts of the northeastern tradition. The objects of poetic inspiration, allowing you to create vivid images for listeners using epithets with comparisons, are also expanses of water (uu – water, kүөl – lake), mountains and rocks, clouds and lakes.

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