Anatomical terminology in the Yakut language: structure, semantics, translation (based on the terms denoting the names of bones)

The relevance of the research topic is determined by insufficient knowledge of the Yakut folk terminology, including anatomical terminology denoting the names of bones in the Yakut language. Such anatomical terms mainly refer to the prescientific terminology of the Yakut language and are called “prototerms”. The article identifies and analyzes previously unexplored anatomical terms of the Yakut language. An attempt is made to linguistically describe the methods of term formation, as well as to identify models for lexico-semantic and lexico-grammatical groups of terms denoting human bones in the Yakut language. The paper also analyzes the ways of translating anatomical terms into the Yakut language. As a result of the study, the following conclusions were obtained: 1. The terms denoting human bones in the Yakut language are formed on the basis of the Yakut literary language’s own resources and are prototerms. 

Anatomical terms consist of two varieties: 1) simple terms consisting of one word; 2) compound terms consisting of two or more components. 2. There may be adjectives formed from nouns and participles. 3. In the formation of anatomical terms denoting human bones in the Yakut language, all term-forming means existing in the Yakut language are involved. 4. In the translation of anatomical terms denoting human bones into the Yakut language, interlanguage correspondences are mainly used, in isolated cases – transcription and tracing.

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