Names of flora objects based on the material of the Yakut, Uyghur languages and the language of ancient Uyghur written monuments of the 11th century

The article is devoted to the study of language contacts between the Yakut language and Turkic languages, as well as the history of the Yakut language. The article analyzes the names of flora objects in the Yakut, Uyghur languages and the language of ancient Uyghur written monuments of the 11th century in a comparative historical aspect. The purpose of this article is to consider the features of phytonyms and their parts in the Turkic languages in comparison with their Proto-Turkic forms. The analysis is carried out on 29 bases recorded in the lexical fund of the Yakut, Uighur languages and in the language of written monuments of the 11th century, extracted by the continuous sampling method. The method of descriptive analysis, comparative-historical, component, structural methods were used in the analysis and processing of empirical research material. The focus of attention is on the word–formation structure and semantic features of the names of objects of the plant world in three related languages in comparison with the Proto-Turkic forms. As a result of the conducted research, the close relationship of the Yakut language with the Uighur language and the languages of the ancient Uighur written monuments of Mahmud Kashgari “Divan Lugat at-Turk” and “Kutadgu Bilig” is revealed. It is noted that the considered bases are semantically more stable in relation to their proto-Turkic forms than their phonostructural design. At the same time, the thematic group of words in the field of herbaceous plants demonstrates the close connection of the Yakut and Uighur languages with the Proto-Turkic language, and the language of written monuments is in the most distant position. This is determined by the stability of the phonostructural design and semantic meaning of lexical units. At the same time, the Yakut language occupies a special place in the system of the considered Turkic languages based on the materials of the names of objects of the plant world: there is the functioning of a diminutive affix with a lost meaning – -ah, the presence of anlaut and auslaut [x] instead of [k] in other Turkic languages, the omission of the inlaut [y] in the Yakut form, the correspondence [m] in Yakut with [b], [p] in other Turkic languages.

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