Comparison of figurative meaning of phraseological units with the component «snow» in Yakut and German

When revealing mechanisms that underline a phraseological worldview, we may penetrate the mysteries of human cognitive activity in creative world perception. Investigating specific patterns of thinking of a particular culture is a complex associative psychological process. Figurativeness of lexical phraseological systems of Yakut and German has not been studied adequately. The purpose of the paper is to investigate figurative meaning of phraseological units with the component «snow» in Yakut and German. Semasiological and onomasiological analysis of Yakut and German phraseological units with the component «snow» follows the anthropocentric approach. Semasiological and onomasiological approaches are addressed in representing the worldview through linguistic units of indirect nomination in modern Yakut and German. When analyzing the set of criteria to identify phraseological units (further, PU), the priority is given to the semantic criterion, i.e. a full or partial reinterpretation of components. The criteria for PU identification are: full or partial reinterpretation of components, separate structural formation, fixed lexical composition, reproducibility in fixed form. PU with the component «snow» were selected from Yakut and German lexicographic and phraseographic sources. We based our research on the following general research methods: induction, deduction, and comparative analysis. Componential analysis allows decomposing words and phraseological units into minimal meaningful parts. To identify the phraseological meaning in comparison with the original prototype, the method of phraseological identification is used. Semantic categories represented in the analyzed units are polysemy, homonymy, synonymy, and antonymy. A variety of usual phraseological variants of the analyzed phraseological units with component «snow» was revealed – substitution of noun, verb components, intrusion of a component, and phraseological convergence – which introduces additional connotation into perception of these figurative units of indirect nomination. Spatialtemporal relations are quite widely explicated in the compared figurative phraseological units. Despite being a universal linguistic phenomenon, phraseologization process has specific explicative features in the Yakut and German languages. The typological study of the figurative phraseological layer of unrelated languages can contribute to identification of man’s mental worldview.

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