Structural and semantic characteristics of anthroponyms in the Yakut and Kyrgyz heroic eposes

The Yakut and Kyrgyz eposes contain a variety of material for studying history, language, tradition, religious beliefs, ethnogenesis, material and spiritual culture. Currently, the translation of eposes of the Turkic-Mongolian peoples into the Yakut language continues, the Yakut epos Olonkho is published in these languages. The Kyrgyz epic “Manas” was translated into the Yakut language, and the olonkho “Nurgun Bootur the Swift” was translated into the Kyrgyz language. In this regard, comparative and contrastive study of the epic traditions of peoples, various layers of culture and language presented in these epics is particularly relevant. The language material allows for research in all areas of linguistics, including onomastics. The proper names of Olonkho have been the objects of many studies in the field of Yakut folklore, the typological structure, models and semantics of the anthroponymy of Olonkho have been studied most fully and comprehensively by N.I. Filippova. The personal names of the heroes of the Kyrgyz epic “Manas” are reflected in the works of Abramson S., Bernstam A., Zhirmunsky V., Sheriev A. The purpose of this article is to identify and describe universal and unique phenomena in the structure and semantics of personal names in the Yakut and Kyrgyz eposes. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: a brief overview of the history and main results of the study of personal names of epic heroes, systematization of the features of naming and the structure of name formulas (epithet, indicator, title, nicknames of war horses, etc.), determination of features in each of the traditions by comparing them, analysis of historical and linguistic conditions that determined the identified phenomena. The study revealed differences in the quantity and quality of elements of the name formula, the presence of names of real historical figures in the Manas and their absence in the Olonkho, and identified donor languages when determining the semantics of borrowed names. Inaccuracies in translating personal names of epic heroes, caused by the intermediary role of the third language, were identified.

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