On the synonymy of participial dependent polypredicative constructions with the -таҕыттан and -ыаҕыттан forms in the Yakut language

The study of semantics of dependent polypredicative constructions formed by the predicative declension is relevant for the following reasons: first, the semantics of some predicative constructions does not always corresponds to the meaning of inflected predicative members; second, this produces synonymous constructions formed by participial forms that are opposite in meaning; and third, researches have not studied this issue sufficiently enough. The synonymy of dependent polypredicative constructions (DPC) formed by participles with -ыах, -тах and -быт in the ablative case and having the meaning of precedence were described by Professor E. I. Ubryatova. Then the researchers faced the question of not only the nature of their synonymy, but also about the origin of meanings of all participial polypredicative constructions (PPC) formed by government in the Yakut and Turkic languages. In the modern Yakut language, these participles have different temporal meanings with peculiar aspect-modal shades: for example, DPCs with -ыах expresse the future tense with the obligation modality; -byt – a long past time with the result aspect; -тах – the past tense with the presumptive modality. The ablative case is polysemous, but in this position, it has the meaning of the starting point, the beginning of the dependent action. Thus, the participles seem to be synonymous in these PPCs: кэлиэҕиттэн үлэлиир, кэллэҕиттэн үлэлиир, кэлбититтэн үлэлиир “works (from the day) from arrival”. We are more interested in the semantics of precedence in the construction кэлиэҕиттэн үлэлиир, where the participle with -ыах within the DPC has the meaning of the past tense. On the other hand, it serves a key for the analysis of DPCs, since it indicates another origin of semantics of the DPC besides its meaning and case. In fact, it is not the participles that are synonymous, but the dependent PPCs formed by them. And participles or their inflected forms express the past tense in relation to the present tense of the main predicate of PPCs. The meanings of precedence also form other constructions, but they are synonymous to varying degrees. The article aims to analyze the above-mentioned synonymous forms and to reveal the nature of the meaning formation of dependent PPCs in the Yakut language. To do this, the research uses the comparative method and the component analysis of the forms used in forming the mentioned synonymous dependent polypredicative constructions.

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