Motivational signs at the heart of the Yakut ichthyonyms (based on some names of crucian carp)

At present, folk ichthyological vocabulary is a diverse lexico-semantic group closely related to the world of spiritual life and material culture of a native speaker. This article analyzes the main motivational features of the 13 nominations of crucian carp in the Yakut language. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that for the first time in Yakut linguistics, the Yakut vocabulary of fish names is considered in the nominal aspect and interesting dialectal lexical units that have not previously been used for linguistic analyzes are introduced into scientific circulation. The linguistic material was taken from various lexicographic sources and archival funds of the Institute for Humanitarian Research and Problems of Indigenous Peoples of the North, Federal Research Center of the YSC SB RAS by means of a continuous sample. The study used a set of methods and techniques for analyzing linguistic material: the method of word-formation analysis, lexical-semantic analysis, descriptive and quantitative-statistical methods. The aim of the study is to identify the motivational features of the nomination of crucian carp in the Yakut language. As a result of the study, it has been established that the main way of nominating ichthyonyms denoting the names of crucian carp in the Yakut language is nomination based on 5 motivational characteristics: 1) form; 2) color or shape of the eyes; 3) place of habitation in the reservoir; 4) place of residence in a certain body of water; and 5) peculiarities of movement. It is determined that the system of ichthyonyms of the Yakut language is distinguished by a variety of methods of nominations, which are based on associative signs that reveal the attitude of Yakuts to wildlife and reflect the peculiarity of their worldview. The study of fish nominations in the Yakut language seems to be the most interesting layer of the vocabulary, which is distinguished by antiquity, diversity and originality of lexical units. Moreover, the study of the vocabulary of the animal world in the Yakut language will improve the existing results and open new directions in the study of the lexical fund of the national language.

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