Formation of natural-scientific terminology in translated textbooks for primary school students (based on the material of translations of textbooks «Tulalyyr eige»)

Today, when the exchange of information between scholars and academic communities is increasing, the translation of an academic text is becoming more and more popular not only in a pair of world languages, but also in a pair that includes regional languages of the Russian Federation. One of these regional languages that make up a pair of the Russian language is the Yakut language. However, due to the insufficient formation of the language and the norms of the academic style of the Yakut language, as well as the historically established tradition of using borrowed terms in transliteration or transcription without literal translation, there are some difficulties in the translation of terms of different branches and fields of science, in the expression of generalized and abstracted scientific thinking. This is especially noticeable in the text translation of terms, which, unlike the terminographic translation, requires some term-making and stylistic work from the translator. The relevance and novelty of the research is determined by the fact that for the first time in the specific theory of Russian-Yakut translation, the features of text translation of educational terms are considered and the ways of their translation are determined. Thus, this article analyzes the translation of 892 terms from the textbook “The World Around us” for primary classes of Yakut schools. The studied language material was taken from the original and translated texts of the specified textbook. The study uses methods of comparative analysis of the translation with the original, lexical-semantic, word-formation and statistical analysis of the language material. The purpose of the study is to determine the ways of translating natural science terminology from Russian into the Yakut language. As a result of the study, it was found that natural-scientific terminology is mainly translated by the equivalent translation method, i.e. for the terms of the Russian language, their lexical substitutions are found in the Yakut language. Also, in the Russian-Yakut translation of natural-scientific terminology, phonetic methods of translation are used, such as transliteration and transcription. Then comes semantic, structural calques, semi-calques. The following method is used for simultaneous use of the Yakut and Russian versions of the terms in one row. Then, in descending order, there are descriptive translation, generalization, change of part of speech, methods of adding, omitting and text commentary to terms. The study of the Russian-Yakut translation of terms contributes to the development of the academic style of the Yakut language, expanding the scope of its functioning in the conditions of natural bilingualism. In addition, the study of text translation of natural-scientific terminology will expand the existing views in the terminology of the Yakut language.

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