Word formation in Yakut linguistics is still one of the insufficiently developed sections. In the field of the study of the Russian word-formation system, fundamental scholarly works were published by V.V. Vinogradov, E.A. Zemskaya, E.S. Kubryakova, A.N. Tikhonov, V.N. Nemchenko, N.M. Shansky, etc.; in Turkology - by N.A. Baskakov, A.M. Shcherbak, A.N. Kononov, E.R. Tenishev, E.V. Sevortyan, M.A. Khabichev, F.A. Ganiev, etc.; in Yakut linguistics - by O. N. Böhtlingk, L.N. Kharitonov, N.K. Antonov, P.A. Sleptsov, I.B. Ivanova, etc. Affix -hyt (-hыm) in the Yakut language is a fairly used word-formation form, which denotes a person or figure for whom this subject (concept) represents the object of his occupation or profession, or constitutes his special inclination, skill, dexterity, predilection. At the moment there is no special study of the affix on -hyt, so there is a need for its comprehensive study. This article is devoted to the study of the semantics of words formed with the help of the word-formation affix on -hyt. This affix is widely used in Mongolian and Turkic languages and has similar meanings. The result of our research revealed that 1. affix -hyt forms nouns with the meaning of a person or figure for whom this subject (concept) represents the object of his occupation or profession, or constitutes his special inclination, skill, dexterity, predilection; 2. the meaning of a noun consists of the lexical meaning of the initial basis and the meaning of the wordformation affix -hyt; 3. in the modern Yakut language, the most rich word-formation inventory for creating names on -hyt are nominal bases; 4. the word-formation capabilities of the generating bases depend on their lexico-grammatical and structural-semantic properties of the nominal and verbal bases; 5. depending on which sound the base of the word ends with - a vowel or consonant, affix -hyt has 5 options: -hyt, -chyt, -fed, -dyt and -nyt, according to the composition of the vowel has 4 variations: -hyt, -hut, -hut, -hit; 6. from the affix on -hyt in the Yakut language, nouns of the following types of meanings are formed: names expressing permanent and temporary occupation; names expressing skill, skill, addiction; names expressing moral and psychological appearance, traits and character properties; names denoting the names of animals, plants; names showing a dismissive, disliking attitude to someone; names denoting diseases, etc.

The article deals with the archaisms in the semantic structure of polysemantic words. The aim of the article is to identify from the lexicographic sources of the Yakut language multivalued words, the semantic volume of which has changed over time, to classify multivalued words with archaisms in their composition, in the model by the number of acquired and obsolete meanings. In order to achieve the intended goal, the following tasks were set: to identify from the “Big explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language” edited by P.A. Sleptsov multivalued words, which contain archaisms, to compare them with the meanings of words recorded in the “Yakut language dictionary” edited by E.K. Pekarsky, in “Short explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language” edited by P.S. Afanasyev, to classify multivalued words in the model by the number of acquired and obsolete meanings. The following research methods were used: descriptive method, the method of continuous sampling, the method of component analysis, the method of analysis of dictionary definitions. The need for the study of archaisms is due to linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The vocabulary of any language is constantly changing, in the process of historical development there are semantic transformations of the word: old meanings are lost and new ones are acquired. The study of archaisms provides an opportunity to reconstruct fragments of material and spiritual culture of the people, their way of life. The analysis of polysemous words revealed the following models: 1. the polysemous word completely lost its meaning and acquired a new one: 2. the polysemous word acquired new meanings in addition to the existing meanings; 3. the polysemous word partially lost its meanings, preserved a number of meanings and acquired new meanings. It has been revealed that in most cases a polysemous word undergoes changes due to the appearance of figurative meaning, which occurred with the words kergen, aya, kylys, iregei, taҥalai, archylaa.

This article presents a scholarly description of the relationships of synonymy, antonymy, homonymy, polysemy in phraseological units, and semantic categories of Yakut and Buryat phraseological parallels. The aim of the work is to identify semantic categories of Yakut and Buryat phraseological parallels. The object of the research is the Yakut phraseological units, which have parallels in the Buryat language. The material of the work is Yakut and Buryat phraseological parallels from the following lexicographical sources: Big explanatory dictionary of the Yakut language (in 15 volumes), Phraseological dictionary of the Yakut language, edited by N.S. Grigoriev, Yakut-Russian Phraseological Dictionary A.G. Nelunov (in 2 volumes), Buryat-Russian Phraseological Dictionary, edited by Ts.F. Tsydenzhapov, a collection of proverbs and sayings edited by N.V. Emelyanov, scholarly works of A.E. Kulakovsky, a collection of proverbs edited by G.V. Popov. The goal, objectives and specifics of the studied material set in the work determined the choice of the linguistic research methods: the main method is inductive; special methods are the method of complete sampling of components from lexicographical sources, the phraseological identifying method, comparative-contrasting method.

The article is written to determine the linguistic situation in Vilyuysk, as well as to consider the mutual influence of the Russian and Yakut languages on the territory of the town. Based on the purpose of the work, the following tasks were solved: collecting all the texts of the streets of Vilyuysk; creating a linguistic database of urban texts; conducting a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the linguistic landscape of Vilyuysk; analyzing the translation of bilingual signs and determining the ecology of translation; drawing up a translation scheme of official signs to improve language policy and urban image. The sociolinguistic method of collecting and analyzing texts of the linguistic landscape, photographing the visual appearance of the city, observations, often used in modern research, are applied. The material of the study was the written languages of signs, names of enterprises and municipal institutions, billboards, road signs, announcements, signs of shopping centers and shops, public signs on government buildings in public space. In total, 474 signs of the toen were studied, collected since February 17, 2021. A total of 359 photos were taken. The study is an analysis of the informational and symbolic functions of signs. The information function includes information about the types and objects of signs (official, unofficial); the number of languages on the sign; language combinations on signs; presentations in bilingual/multilingual signs. The analysis also includes information about the first language, size and font of the character text. The symbolic function of the linguistic landscape is associated with the choice of language, which functions in the urban space. Due to this, the status, social and economic significance of languages is reflected. The results of the study can serve as a basis for further research and can become a recommendation sheet for representatives of government agencies in optimizing the visual component of the urban environment, as well as be used to adjust the language policy of the city.

One of the main issues of ethnopedagogy is the upbringing and teaching of a child's native language from an early age. Therefore, Yakut fairy tales are always in demand by preschool children and their parents. In recent years, children's literature has been translated more often from Russian into the Yakut language, and at the same time there has been a problem of translation quality. To improve the quality of translation, it is necessary to study the vocabulary, morphology, syntax of the text of fairy tales, as well as to identify the features of the techniques of translating fairy tales from Russian into the Yakut language. In this work, the texts of translated fairy tales from Russian into the Yakut language are analyzed, a comparative analysis of the structure of folk and literary fairy tales is also made, the main methods and techniques of translating Yakut fairy tales are revealed. All folk tales bear the stamp of ancient life, customs, and orders, and they also carry instructive moments. The origin of literary fairy tales depends on the imagination of the author, that is, they can change, they have no boundaries. With regard to the use of artistic techniques, folk tales are more artistic than literary ones. Both fairy tales use lexical repetitions. In literary fairy tales, fantastic images are more developed. The translation correspondences of lexical, morphological and syntactic units of fairy tale texts in Russian and Yakut languages are revealed.

The article is devoted to the study of ways of translating gender stereotypes from the Yakut language into Russian on the material of olonkho. The purpose of the article is to study the ways of transferring gender stereotypes from Yakut into Russian olonkho «Mighty Er Sogotokh» by V.O. Karataev and «Kyys Debiliye» by N.P. Burnashev. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: the study of the theoretical foundations of the theory of translation; the collection of factual material; the analysis of the methods of translation transformations of olonkho .Karataev's «Mighty Er Sogotokh» and Burnashev's «Kyys Debiliye» from the Yakut language into Russian. The following research methods were used: the continuous sampling method, descriptive and comparative methods. Gender stereotypes are an important structure of mentality, which determines the way of life, distributes social roles. Traditions, customs of any people are gender differentiated and represent a set of male and female practices, reflecting stereotypes. These gender stereotypes are clearly expressed in the Yakut heroic epic, since the content and idea of the olonkho are primarily concentrated in its vivid images. Due to the fact that the ways of transferring gender stereotypes in olonkho from Yakut to Russian have not been sufficiently studied, the problem of studying the ways of transferring the translation of gender stereotypes from Yakut to Russian is relevant.

The article interprets the preliminary results of a complex expedition organized on August 28, 2019 in the area of Sayiggi Aartyk (Summer Pass), to study the monument of ancient writing “Petrovsky inscription”, conventionally dated to the 10th century A.D. During the expedition, photofixation of the studied runic and runiform inscriptions was carried out for study in laboratory conditions. As a result of dactylographic and graphological researches using a 4X magnification dactylographic magnifier, it was found that the handwritten copy of the Petrovsky inscription, sent to A.N. Bernstam in 1941 for decryption,it turned out with some inaccuracies. The classical reading of this runic inscription by a turkologist requires a critical attitude, therefore, further objective decryption and scientific interpretation.