In modern Yakut linguistics, there are signifiant studies in the fild of descriptive, comparative and historical study of vocabulary. Despite this, many issues of lexicology remain insuffiiently developed and require further research. Thus, at the present stage of the development of the Yakut language, one of the urgent tasks is to study the terms of kinship in a comparative aspect. Being one of the main components of human’s life of group, the terminology of kinship occupies an important place in the cultural system of any ethnic society. A comparative study of the terms of kinship by blood and marriage of the Yakut and Tatar languages can provide valuable new knowledge not only in linguistics, but also in historical and ethnographic studies. The purpose of this work is a comparative study of the terms of kinship in the Yakut and Tatar languages. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved: consideration of aspects of studying the terminology of kinship; identifiation of the system of kinship terms in the Yakut and Tatar languages; description of lexico-semantic and phonostructural features of the terms of kinship by blood (consanguinity – direct line, consanguinity through one generation, consanguinity through two generations or more and consanguinity – lateral line) and marriage (terms of kinship on the part of the husband, terms of kinship on the part of wives, terms of interrupted and acquired kinship and neutral kinship terms) in the Yakut and Tatar languages. Descriptive, comparative, statistical and sampling methods were used in the work. The scholarly novelty of the work lies in the fact that the comparative study of words denoting the relationship between the Yakut and Tatar languages, is important both for individual branches of linguistics and for the clarifiation of ethnogenic issues. The theoretical and practical signifiance of the study lies in the fact that its materials can be used in lexicographic research, for example, in the compilation of dictionaries. The actual material introduced into the scientifi circulation can be used in comparative typological studies of Turkic languages, as well as as as a material for teaching the vocabulary of the Yakut language.

The article presents a lexical analysis of dialect words denoting the river in the Yakut language. Many researchers have noted the peculiarity of dialect words of the Yakut language. However, the systematic study of dialect words of the Yakut language began in the 1960s – 1970s. In the fild of the study of hydronyms of the Yakut language, scholarly works were published by M.S. Ivanov, N.M. Ivanov, V.D. Monastyrev, K.F. Gritsenko, I.E. Ivanov, etc. The study of dialect words is closely connected with the history of the origin of the language, it reflcts the results of the development of culture, language, spiritual development of the people. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the lack of knowledge of dialect words denoting the river in the Yakut language. The purpose of the study: based on the material of the dialectological dictionary of the Yakut language, to investigate the features of dialect words denoting the river. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: analysis of works on the study of dialect words and toponymy of the Yakut language; collect the material of dialect words denoting the river in the Yakut language; identify and analyze dialect words denoting the river in the Yakut language. To solve the goal of the work, the following research methods were used: generalization, analysis, continuous sampling method, summing up, descriptive analysis. The sources for the study of dialect words denoting the river in the Yakut language are dictionaries: «Dialectological dictionary of the Yakut language» (P.S. Afanasyev, M.S. Voronkin, M.P. Alekseev) and in an additional volume «Dialectological Dictionary of the Sakha language» (M.S. Voronkin, M.P. Alekseev, Yu.I. Vasiliev). The dictionaries include dialect words collected by E.K. Pekarsky, A.E. Kulakovsky, G.V. Ksenofontov, S.I. Bolo, A.A. Savvin. The research material was dialect words denoting the river in the Yakut language. The dictionary of E.K. Pekarsky, the etymological dictionary of the Yakut language, the works of G.V. Popov, Ivanov and Ivanov served as materials for explaining these words. Based on the collected materials, 36 dialect words denoting the river are analyzed. Of these, the words denoting a river and a rivulet – 5, a river– 18, a rivulet – 7 and a stream – 6. The rich material of the dictionary of dialect words of the Yakut language requires even deeper and broader study, research.

Affial word formation and term formation is one of the relevant areas being developed in Yakut linguistics. Starting with the fundamental work by Otto von Bohtlingk “On the Yakut language”, a study of the Yakut word-formation system was conducted in the grammatical works of V.V. Radlov, S.V. Yastremsky, N.N. Poppe, A.E. Kulakovsky, A.A. Ivanov-Kyund, P.A. Oyunsky, N.S. Grigoriev, L.N. Kharitonov, N.K. Antonova, E.I. Ubryatova, P.A. Sleptsova, E.I. Okoneshnikova, V.I. Bygova, I.B. Ivanova, etc. Affi –hyt in the Yakut language is a fairly used word-formation form, which denotes a person or fiure for whom this subject (concept) represents the object of their occupation or profession, or constitutes their special inclination, skill, dexterity, predilection. The affi –aachchi in the Yakut language is also a living productive participial-nominal affi, which: fistly, denotes an actor or an actor; secondly, it functions as a participle and a fiite verb form that has the meaning of a commonly performed action. The fist affi forms nouns from nominal bases, and the second affi forms nouns from verbal bases. These derived bases, when formed from an unambiguous basis, express nouns denoting an actor or fiure, which are close-valued and synonymous. For example, suruksut from suruk ‘letter’ – ‘able to write, scribe, clerk’; suruyaachchy from suruy ‘write’ – ‘able to write usually, writer’: tyylbaaschyt from tylbaas ‘translation’ – ‘translator’: tylbaastaachchy from tylbaastaa ‘translate, translate’ –‘translator. This article is devoted to the analysis of the nature of this phenomenon, i.e., the synonymy of names formed by affies on –hyt and –aachchy from verbs and verbal names ascending to the same verb-nominal derivative root basis. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the main difference between words formed by the affi –hyt from names and the affi –aachchy from these nameless verbs is that names with the affi -hyt express the subject of action from the professional side (skillful possession of quality, activity, ability, inclination, etc.), i.e. the object of which is the given object, and the names with the affi -aachchy call (show) the names simply as subjects of this (given) action.

This paper is addressed to the complex words forms in Yakut language. For compounding words is considered as the most popular way of words composition in Turkic languages. Despite the fact that Turkic Studies has quite extensive literature on word composition, some of the aspects remain unelaborated. Thus, the research goal is to study compound words composed with an affi; in particular, the use of the possessive affi in the second part of a compound word. In this research, we used the system approach and experience generalization of the Turkic and Yakut compound words study. As a result of that analysis, systematization and formalization, a variety of compound words with the possessive affi were identifid. Moreover, we came across the key words, which compound words are actually originated from. Thus, the possessive affi is one of the main ways of forming complex words, which contributed to the Yakut language terminology. The novelty of the article is about using review and analysis for compound words with the affi-imposed possession has formed special criteria for distinguishing compound words and free phrases.

The novel of the people’s writer of Yakutia Vasily Semyonovich Yakovlev-Dalan «Tygyn Darkhan» is one of the outstanding works of Yakut literature, which are at the peak of its development. The historical epoch described in it, the epic scale, moral and philosophic values, the patriotic spirit of the work arouses genuine interest in it both from readers and researchers. The relevance of the chosen topic is also determined by the need to study the language and style of the writer, as a little-studied problem in Yakut linguistics and literary studies. The article aims to analyze the linguistic means used in the novel «Tygyn Darkhan» to determine its stylistic originality and individual authorship. The research is carried out at the junction of linguistics and literary stylistics. The study of the totality of the means of artistic expression of the novel is carried out at the levels of language: vocabulary, morphology, syntax. The stylistic analysis also takes into account literary levels, including events, characters, landscapes, paintings of the artistic world, ideas and ideas of the work. Based on the peculiarities of the stylistic analysis of the text of a work of art, the descriptive method, the method of stylistic analysis of the text, continuous sampling, stylistic observation, stylistic experiment of the selection of lexical, grammatical synonyms and variants, synthesis were chosen as research methods. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the main expression of the style of the novel «Tygyn Darkhan» is the repetition of rhythmic and syntactic constructions characteristic of the Yakut folklore poetic speech. At the same time, there is not a simple calculus of folklore formula words, but their creative reinterpretation by the author in the text of the novel. The solemn syllable of the work is also conveyed with the help of high-style vocabulary, poetics, folklorisms, mythologems, historicisms, religious vocabulary, words-realities and various morphological means. The main function of the identifid language means is a message to the text of the novel of a high, solemn coloring. They also perform the function of revealing artistic images, express an enthusiastic and respectful attitude to the leader of the Sakha people – Tygyn, and worship, even fear of the great power of natural forces, are also a means of poetizing speech, carry a characterological function associated with informing the text of the novel of the historical flvor of the times of the leader Tygyn.

This article reviews the history of translating school textbooks into the Yakut language. The history is divided into fie periods connected to the region’s state of language, including but not limited to the history of education in the native language. This study is relevant because translated textbooks are not only a source of educational information but also an example of a literary form of the native language. Thus, textbooks form the language of the younger generation, including their verbal skills. A hindsight analysis of the organizing of translation practice in Yakutia’s school education allows us to set reference points for future — more detailed — research on the importance of translation from Russian for shaping scholarly and technical terminology and literary styles of the modern Yakut language. The aim of the research is to review and describe a centennial history of translating school textbooks into the Yakut language. For this purpose, 322 titles of textbooks on history, natural history, arithmetic, physics, chemistry, biology, botany, etc. translated into Yakut from 1925 to the present day were taken via continuous sampling method. The language of translated textbooks from various dates was selectively analyzed. Articles on the development of the scientifi language of the modern Yakut literary language, on the development of scientifi and technical terminology of the Yakut language, etc. were examined. This small research came to the following conclusions: 1) the pattern of an increased or decreased number of translated textbooks depends on the state of the language and the language policy in the region and the country in general; 2) textbooks translation lead to the development of Yakut terminology in its fist period, and became a fild for testing new terminology in the later periods; 3) further — more in-depth — analysis may bring to light the reasons for failure in the development of the scientifi language of the modern Yakut language. In addition, it may help to improve the Russian to Yakut translation of academic texts by uncovering more usual usage of technical vocabulary in the earlier periods.

The work of Ivan Georgievich Berezkin «Manchaary – Noruot Nomoor» («Manchary in the Legends of the People») is based on materials collected by folklore expeditions of research institutions. Folk legends about Manchary refer to the legends about historical persons, more precisely to heroic tales. Manchary is a national hero of the Yakut people, about whom many folk stories and songs were composed during his lifetime. Later Manchary became the hero of literary works: dramas by Vasily Nikiforov – Kulumnuur, poems by Semyon Danilov, Serafi Kulachikov – Elley, Natalia Mikhaleva – Saya, stories by Sofron Danilov and others. Currently, the language and style of folklore texts have been widely studied, but the issues of translating the texts of folk tales have not been specifially investigated. The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to develop translation strategies that could be used in the translation of folklore texts into Russian. The article deals with the methods of preserving the style and methods of transmitting the artistic component of folk prose by Aelita Shaposhnikova when translating Berezkin’s book into Russian. The methods of transmitting stylistically marked vocabulary and high vocabulary (lexical elements of the «heroic», oral-poetic vocabulary), colloquial and stylistically reduced vocabulary (colloquial / swear words) by the translator, the use of Old Church Slavonic vocabulary and archaisms by the translator are described; words and expressions typical for the texts of Russian folklore are considered. Ways of translating a) expressive means: proverbs, phraseologisms, paired words are considered; b) compositional means: the reliability of what is being told, the techniques that make up the beginning of the work, retardation. Proof of the authenticity of the events included in the plot of people’s legends are the songs of the heroes of the tales. The structure of the periodic constructions of the lyrics of the songs has been preserved, as well as for the transmission of Yakut folk music and the use of paired words, atypical in the Russian language, and in combination with the typical vocabulary of Russian folk songs. When translating folk legends about Manchary, Shaposhnikova preserved the artistic and pictorial features of the original: stylistically marked vocabulary, expressive and compositional means, features of oral speech, individual styles of narrators. Thanks to the excellent knowledge of folklore, history, ethnography, linguistics, the translator was able to convey the ethnic flvor of the narrators. Thanks to the excellent knowledge of folklore, history, ethnography, linguistics, the translator was able to convey the ethnic flvor of the audience. personal examples of verbal creativity about the folk hero of the Yakuts Manchary

The article is devoted to revealing phonetic features of the verse of a Yakut poetess Venera Nikolaevna Petrova – Venus. The aim of the research work is to prove that alliteration and rhyme represented in her two main books are original and contribute to a deeper disclosure of the lyrical main character’s inner world, help to reveal the author’s main idea. To achieve this aim, we use methodology of linguopoetics: the complex approach to the studying of poetic material and descriptive, structural methods of research. Unfortunately, the works of the talented modern poetess Venera Petrova have not fully been studied. Her poetry collections and book of stories have not yet received specialists’ due attention. Her works have been considered by literary critics in the context of the development of the modern literary process. Meanwhile,  Venera Petrova – Venus is the owner of several prizes at regional literary contests. Her poetic phonetics is a demonstration of the achievements of modern Yakut poetry in the fild of sound organization of the verse, while the content of the poems represents an extension of the thematic range of women’s poetry in general. In this article we consider poetic phonetics as a part of linguopoetics, which develops as a science at the intersection of literary criticism and linguistics. We studied 3,092 poetic lines of the poetess and revealed the following: 2,145 lines are alliterated, making 69 % of the total percentage of all lines, and 2,046 lines are rhymed, making 66%. We found 8 types of initial rhyme with variations and 15 types of rhyme (according to the classifiation of N.N. Toburokov and M.N. Dyachkovskaya), which indicate the high skills of Venera Petrova – Venus. In the development of all Yakut poetry, we can observe a variety of alliterations and rhymes only among such famous poets as Ivan Arbita and Rafael Bagataisky. In the course of our research, we came to the conclusion that the poetic phonetics of Petrova-Venus is not only a demonstration of her abilities in the fild of the sound organization of the verse, but also the ability to convey the inner experiences of the lyrical main character.